The Latin word basilica derives from Ancient Greek: βασιλική στοά, romanized: basilikè stoá, lit. Niobides Krater - Anonymous vase painter of C... 28. 6) Crossing- the area in a church where the transept and the nave intersect. These allowed light to flood into the interior. Hagia Sophia - Early Byzantine Europe - c. 532... 51. In longitudinal churches, it extends from the entrance to the apse (or only to the crossing if the church has one) and is usually flanked by side aisles. Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel - Italian Gothic - c.... 191. Winged Victory of Samothrace - Hellenistic Gre... 36. The church was built on the site previously occupied by the barracks of his former rival. Great Mosque - Islamic, Umayyad Dynasty - c. 7... 55. Rottgen Pieta - Late Medieval Europe - c. 1300... 61. The temple served as the house of the cult. Context- The Basilica is named after the Trajan's family name : Ulpius. Plaque of the Ergastines - C... 35. Function- The Basilica was made to house courts of law. Note that the transept appears infrequently in Early Christian churches. Mckenna Form-The roof of the Basilica was constructed from timber. So it is important that we share a common vocabulary. Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon - H... 37. This led to the development of an alternative function and forms of Christian building. Sabina provides an excellent extant example of this type of building: Compare this to the Trier Basilica. The Origin of the Roman Basilica Model of the Basilica Ulpia Amanda Mills What is a Basilica? Chairman Mao en Route to Anyuan - unknown-bas... 206. A map of Rome of about 330 A.D. reveals an interesting contrast in the placement of Christian versus non-Christian monuments: 1) Propylaeum- the entrance building of a sacred precinct, whether church or imperial palace. In architecture, an aisle is more specifically the wing of a house, or a lateral division of a large building.The earliest examples of aisles date back to the Roman times and can be found in the Basilica Ulpia (basilica of Trajan), which had double aisles on either side of its central area. This type of building is called a martyrium (pl. Constantine commissioned martyria in the Holy Land including the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem and the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. The early fifth Roman basilica of Sta. It is this function that has led to the explanation of the new architectural form we call the transept which marks the cross axis to the nave. Historically, clerestory denoted an upper level of a Roman basilica or of the nave of a Romanesque or Gothic church, the walls of which rise above the rooflines of the lower aisles and are pierced with windows. 3) Narthex- the entrance hall or porch proceding the nave of a church. NandiniForm: BrickFunction: The forum Was a large central plazaContent:originally held an equestrian monument dedicated to Trajan in the centerContext: Found in Rome, ItalyTradition/Change: The forum was built with booty from Trajan's victory over the Dacians, which is similar to how the Greeks and Persians built monuments to celebrate their victories with their spoils.Audience response: Law courts were held and apses were a setting for judges. Forum of Trajan – Trajan Markets - Imperial Ro... 45. The Basilica Ulpia separates the temple from the main courtyard in the Forum of Trajan with the Trajan's Column to the northwest. Despite this it is important to emphasize the influence of this building in later Christian architecture built on the most hallowed site of Christianity. Travelers Among Mountains and Streams - Fan K... 196. Imagine coming into the presence of Constantine in this space, or imagine a grand entrance of Constantince into this space. Pyxis of al-Mughira - Islamic, Umayyad Dynasty... 56. (cont.) The upper nave wall had windows called clerestory windows. These basilicas regularly had an architectural form we call an apse. The cross axes of the nave and transept allowed for the concentration of attention on the tomb of Peter. Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh) - Islamic, Pers... 185. In the Early Christian basilica, the apses contained the "cathedra" or throne of the bishop and the altar. Portrait of Sin Sukju (1417-1475) - Joseon Pe... 204. (Acropolis cont.) Terra Cotta Warriors from Mausoleum of the Fi... 184. Tradition- This Basilica used clerestory windows on the second floor similar to the ways the Egyptians used them. In the Early Christian basilica the nave elevation usually is composed of a nave colonnade or arcade and clerestory. Santa Sabina - Late Antique Europe - c. 422 -... 48. Note how this motivation is like earlier Roman Emperors who also gave physical testament to their power and piety by constructing temples. Tradition- This Basilica used clerestory windows on the second floor similar to the ways the Egyptians used them. Egeria, a Spanish pilgrim, wrote this following description of Constantine's Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem: The decorations are too marvelous for words. a row of windows in the upper part of a wall. 10) Clerestory- a clear story, i.e. The Early Christian Basilica became the stage for the elaboration of the eucharistic liturgy with its increased emphasis on processions. The Basilica Ulpia was an ancient Roman civic building located in the Forum of Trajan. Buddha - Gandharan - c. 400-800 CE (destroyed... 181. Anavysos Kouros - Archaic Greek - c. 530 BCE -... 26. 7) Transept- in a cruciform church, the whole arm set at right angles to the nave. It was clearly this form that became the basis of the so-called Early Christian baslicas. All you can see is gold, jewels and silk...You simply cannot imagine the number and sheer weight of the candles, tapers, lamps and everything elese they use for the services...They are beyond description, and so is the magnificent building itself. Considering the importance of the veneration of saints through the cult of the relics in the medieval church, it is important to see the link back to these practices in the early church. Central nave has clerestory … The church of St. Peter's in Rome has the same number. Possibly within a month of Constantine's defeat of Maxentius at the battle of the Milvian Bridge, work began on the church which would be the official seat of the Bishop of Rome, St. John in the Lateran. Catacomb of Priscilla - Late Antique Europe -... 47. Basilica Ulpia … It was, like our City Hall, a center of public power. Folio from a Qur'an - Islamic, Abbasid Dynast... 186. Athena at Pergamon - Hellenistic Greek... 38. This clearly symbolized the translation of legal authority from the Emperor to the Magistrate. The Basilica Ulpia is a large rectangular building with a large interior consisting of a central nave flanked by double colonnaded aisles and two apses, or rounded extensions at the two ends of the building. 4) Nave- the great central space in a church. Adjoining the church was the Sessorian Palace, Constantine's Roman residence. The central halls of basilicas are especially well lighted because of the presence of clerestory windows, which required that the nave have a higher roof than the side aisles. In about 321 or 322, Constantine founded the church of St. Peter's in Rome: This building, traditionally known as Old St. Peter's to distinguish it from the present church, was extremely influential in later medieval architecture. 5) Side Aisle- one of the corridors running parallel to the nave of a church and separated from it by an arcade or colonnade. Características EMPERADOR TRAJANO BASÍLICA DE ULPIA " FORO DE TRAJANO" Integrantes: María Carolina Barrios Daza María Fernanada Díaz Lara Urbanismo 1 Basílica de Ulpia A diferencia posteriores cristianas basílicas, que no tenía ninguna función religiosa conocida, sino que se 2) Atrium- in early Christian, Byzantine, and medieval architecture, the forecourt of a church; as a rule enveloped by four colonnaded porticoes. Basin (Baptistere de St. Louis) - Medieval - ... 187. Funeral Banner of Lady Dai (Xin Zhui) - Han D... 193. The David Vases - Zhang Wenjin - Yuan Dynasty... 201. The photo shows two side aisle, corinthian capital, clerestory opening through Ionic columns. Roman cities would regularly have a Basilica as a central public building. Definitely a predecessor to church architecture. When Constantine became the patron of Christianity, he wanted to construct churches. The Basilica Ulpia constructed under Trajan at the beginning of the second century as part of his Forum in Rome is a good example of a civic basilica: Basilicas were also adapted to the function as audience halls as part of palace complexes. This would lead to a significant reorientation of religious architecture from an architecture of the exterior to an architecture of the interior. Interior of the Basilica Ulpia, architectural reconstruction. Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) - Polykleitos - Roma... 33. (Acropolis cont.) These allowed light to flood into the interior. Relate it to the texts included on the page entitled Imperial Panegyrics. The Basilica Ulpia has two levels of columns supporting the roof and clerestory. A miniature showing the judgement of Pilate from a sixth century manuscript called the Rossano Gospels is useful to examine here: Note how the miniaturist has apparently suggested the apse context of this scene by enframing it within a semicircle. Second it was a marked place were people could trade, bank and judge. Golden Haggadah (The Plagues of Egypt, Scenes ... 62. Virgin (Theotokos) and Child Between Saints Th... 52. The Basilica Ulpia was composed of a great central nave with four side aisles with clerestory windows to let light into the space divided by rows of columns and two semicircular apse, one at each of the ends with the entry to the basilica located on the longitudinal side. Twenty bronze lights each weighing ten pounds. For anyone brought up in the Roman world, the apse clearly carried with it connotations of imperial legal power. Church of Sainte-Foy, Reliquary of Sainte-Foy ... 58. (Acropolis cont.) Tomb of the Triclinium - Etruscan - c. 480-470... 31. Basilica Ostia decoration. The main entrance was on the facade of the building facing the open plaza of the forum. It is believed to have built on the site of the burial of St. Peter, the principal disciple of Christ and the first Bishop of Rome. In the Early Christian basilica, the nave elevation usually is composed of a nave colonnade or arcade and clerestory. Victory Adjusting Her Sandal... 35. But Christianity was by definition a mystery religion, and thus needed to have a clear separation between the faithful and the nonfaithful. This size alone suggests the dramatic transformation Christianity underwent when it fell under Imperial patronage. Adjacent to the seat of the magistrate would regularly appear the image of the Emperor. Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompe... 38. Forum of Trajan and Basilica Ulpia - Imperial ... 45. School: University of Tennessee - Knoxville Department: Architecture Course: History of ARCH Professor: Gregor kalas Term: Spring 2016 Tags: Architecture and history Cost: 50 Name: Exam 1 Description: This study guide is based off Prof. Kalas' notes and study guide! Clerestory windows allow light in through a colonnade on the upper story of the nave, while shorter side aisles were lined with colonnades running along the sides of the nave on the ground floor. Imagine the light effects of the candles and lamps with the gold and silver furnishings. 2. It would be here that the magistrate would dispense the law. Temple of Minerva - Etruscan - c. 510-500 BCE ... 29. The church was 333 1/3 Roman feet long, thus longer than a football field. Review the plan of Old St. Peter's and glossary of terms included in my ARTH 109 site. The reorientation of the building to an architecture of the interior is apparent in the exterior of Santa Sabina with its plain brick wall: The Early Christian Basilica will form the foundation of much we know of Christian Church architecture. The Basilica Ulpia served a number of goals. Basilica ulpia e. Colosseum 10. Two side aisles not as tall as central nave. Sarcophagus of the Spouses - Etruscan - c. 520... 41. Basilica Ulpia This basilica—the largest in the city—was part of Trajan's Forum and was probably completed in A.D. 112. 112 AD. Clearly the forms of the pre-Constantinian Christian buildings like the Dura-Europos Christian meeting house were inappropriate considering the new status of Christianity: The traditional Roman temple type, as exemplified here by the Maison Carrée constructed during the reign of Augustus, was clearly inappropriate considering the association with Pagan cults: Note that there is also a significant difference between the function of the Pagan temple and a Christian context. It was named after Roman emperor Trajan whose full name was Marcus Ulpius Traianus. form- timber rooffunction- to impress with trajan's accomplishmentscontent- low relief and few shadowscontext- found in the forum of trajantradition- expessed the grandeur of their emperoraudience response- visitors were impressed with the scale. Clerestory. 4. A silver chrism/paten, inlaid with gold, weighing five pounds./ Ten crown lights each weighing eight pounds. The Basilica Ulpia, from AD 113, is a massive rectangular building with several entrances into a huge, unencumbered interior space, called a nave. House of Vettii - Imperial Roman - c. 2nd Cent... 32. This exterior orientation of the Pagan temple reflects the openness and inclusive nature of Pagan religious practices. Originally a Roman, large roofed hall erected for transacting business and disposing of legal matters. This location clearly speaks of the control Constantine intended to have over the church. The Court of Gayumars, folio from Shah Tahmas... 189. The apse was a semi-circular projection usually off the short wall of the rectangular building. Clerestory windows all around, and an apse at either end, high central nave. Which building contains a perfect sphere within a cylinder a. Parthenon b. Pantheon c. Collosseum d. Hagia Sophia 11. Constantine and his Church planners also needed an architecture that had meaning in the Roman world. Christ is most often represented during Early Christian era: a. Crucified b. The Kaaba - Islamic Pre-Islamic monument; red... 182. Digital reconstruction of the 2nd century BC Basilica Sempronia, in the Forum Romanum. The transept would not become a standard component of the Christian church until the Carolingian period. Apollo (Temple of Minerva) - Etruscan - c. 510... 31. Massenzio’s Basilica in Rome The temple was a backdrop for the sacrifices. martyria). In churches, the clerestory windows above the roofs of the side aisles permit direct illumination of the nave. Roman basilicas served places for public gatherings: law courts, financial centers, army drill halls, reception rooms in imperial palaces. Merovingian looped fibulae - Early Medieval Eu... 54. Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater) - Imperial Ro... 43. Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and Ki... 60. Basilica Pompeii built. The cult statue and treasury could be housed there. Ruins of the late 5th century AD basilica at Mushabbak, Syria Reconstruction of the basilica at Fano from a description by its architect Vitruvius. The original Constantinian church is known only through the foundations archaeologists uncovered in the 1930s. Grave Stele of Hegeso - attributed to Kallimac... 35. Alhambra - Islamic, Nasrid Dynasty - c. 1354-1... 57. First of all it was a place were Roman citizens, of which many lived in small flats, could meet and have all the space needed for talking. The great Basilica Ulpia was built by Trajan in connexion with his forum about A.D. 112, and a fragment of the Capitoline plan of Rome gives the scheme of it (fig. Interior of the domed 6th-century Hagia Sophia , with a wide triforium gallery beneath the rows of clerestory and upper dome windows. Peplos Kore from the Acropolis - Archaic Greek... 27. In use, the basilica would have contained law courts, banking, and a covered marketplace. 19th century reconstruction of the 2nd century AD Basilica Ulpia, part of the Trajan's Forum, Rome. The death and resurrection symbolism of the sacrament of Baptism explains the connection. Lavishly decorated with marble reliefs depicting early stories of Rome. 8) Apse- a recess, sometimes rectangular but usually semicircular, in the wall at the end of a Roman basilica or Christian church. Timber roof. 2.Roman: Basilica Julia (1st Century BCE) - center area (nave), two side aisles 3.Rome: Basilica Ulpia (2 c BCE) - rounded end (apse) •Location & orientation = built over grave of St. Peter. Focusing on the tomb of St. Peter in the apse of the church, Old St. Peter's should be classified as a martyrium as opposed to a community church. Augustus of Prima Porta - Imperial Roman - c. ... 42. Old St. Peter's is one of the few example of a basilica with a transept from this period. This led to use of category of Roman building known as the Basilica. Seated Boxer - Hellenistic Greek - c. 100 BCE ... 40. Artisitc intent- These buildings were meant to mimic Trajan's great expansion of the Roman empire. Completed in 112 AD with construction overseen by the architect Apollodorus of Damascus, it was the largest basilica in Rome measuring 117 by 58 metres. Basilica Nova Forum Romanum 306 - 312 CE - scale unique at that time, Rome's glory of construction - untraditional form - nave, clerestory, brick faced concrete - 3 huge cross vaults and coffered barrel vaults - apse and porch help buttress - huge concrete platform - another entrance, confuses orientation - for emperor and audience multi-functional Content- The nave of the basilica is spacious and wide. The apse in the Roman basilica frequently contained an image of the Emperor and was where the magistrate dispensed laws. Head of a Roman Patrician - Republican Roman -... 39. a row of windows in the upper part of a wall. 9) Nave elevation- term which refers to the division of the nave wall into various levels. The Basilica Ulpia constructed under Trajan at the beginning of the second century as part of his Forum in Rome is a good example of a civic basilica: Basilicas were also adapted to the function as audience halls as part of palace complexes. Helios, Horse and Dionysus (... 35. The Basilica Ulpia was composed of a great central nave with four side aisles with clerestory windows to let light into the space divided by rows of columns and two semicircular apse, one at each of the ends with the entry to the basilica located on the longitudinal side. Attention was also directed in the fourth century church to the veneration of spots associated with Christian martyrs. Lindisfarne Gospels - Early Medieval (Hiberno ... 53. Double side aisles as well. Architecture. The Basilica Ulpia towered over Trajan's Forum complex, the architectural culmination of all the imperial fora. San Vitale Early - Byzantine Europe - c. 526 -... 50. Bayeux Tapestry - Romanesque Europe - c. 1066-... 58. Apollodorus of Damascus, Basilica Ulpia, Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, AD 100 Rather than the temple being the focus this is, which used as law courts and markets. It was rectangular in shape, had five aisles and apses at the short ends. Function: The Basilica Ulpia served as law courts, schools, and places for audiences withe Emperor Trajan. The apse was the site of the law court. Dome of the Rock - Islamic, Umayyad Dynasty, ... 183. Temple of Athena Nike - Kall... 35. (Acropolis cont.) 3), while an attempted restoration of the interior by Canina is shown in fig. Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in the Jokhang Templ... 64. Chartres Cathedral Cont. Gold and Jade Crown - Three Kingdoms Period, ... 195. Church of Sainte-Foy - Romanesque Europe - c. ... 63. Chartres Cathedral - Gothic Europe - c. 1145-1... 59. Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus - Late Imperial Ro... 46. Forum of Trajan. ; later the term came to describe an aisled building with a clerestory. 120-78 BC (pre Roman architecture) Basilica Ulpia location. It includes COMPLETE study guide with all the monuments, their pictures, and descriptions for why they're important. Pantheon - Imperial Roman - c. 118-125 CE - co... 45. Artisitc intent- These buildings were meant to mimic Trajan's great expansion of the Roman empire. Note also the dramatic contrast this type of architecture presents to Dura Europos Christian house. San Vitale (continued) Justinian and Theordora... 51. The Ardabil Carpet - Islamic, Safavid Dynasty... 190. A good example of this is presented by the Palace Basilica of Constantine in the northern German town of Trier: Although more recently converted to the function as a Christian church, this building was clearly designed as an imperial audience hall. Longmen Caves - Tang Dynasty, Chinese Buddhis... 194. A list of furnishing of the original church suggests its splendor: A silver paten weighing twenty pounds./ Two silver scyphi weighing ten pounts./ A gold chalice weighing two pounds./ Five service chalices weighing two pounds./ Two silver amae each weighing eight pounds. Medieval cathedral plans were a development of the basilica plan type. A basilica is a large, wide rectangular hall, roofed overall and divided ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 3bc330-ZTE1N Constantince into this space, or imagine a grand entrance of Constantince into this space c. 532... 51:! Fourth century church to the texts included on the second floor similar to the ways the Egyptians used.! - Late Antique Europe - c. 480-470... 31 7... 55 (... The area in a church where the magistrate ; red... 182 gold and Jade -. 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