[4] From the nomenclature of the name of Publius Calvisius Ruso Julius Frontinus (consul c. 84), it is likely Frontinus had a sister, who was the other's mother. Corrections? The authenticity of the fourth book has been challenged. Pliny the Younger called him one of the two most respected men of his day. After serving as consul in 72 or 73, he succeeded Cerialis as governor of Britain (73/74–77). He assisted Quintus Petillius Cerialis in suppressing the Gallic revolt of Gaius Julius Civilis, receiving the surrender of 70,000 Lingones, a Gallic tribe. Sextus Julius Frontinusa.d. He was well aware of the seminal work De Architectura by Vitruvius, which mentions aqueduct construction and maintenance published in the previous century; Frontinus refers to the possible influence of Vitruvius on the plumbers.[7]. The books of Frontinus have made him the most famous of the Roman engineers. (Sextus Iulius Frontinus) pref. Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was a prominent Roman civil engineer, author, and politician of the late 1st century AD. A novus homo, he was consul three times. By SEXTUS JULIUS FRONTINUS (97 AD) Translated by Clemens Herschel (1899); published by New England Water Works Association, Boston, MA 1973 INASMUCH as every office conferred by the emperor demands especial attention; and inasmuch as I am moved not only to devote diligence, but even love to any matter confided to my care, be it on account of James is a graduate from Vega School of Brand Leadership specialising in Multimedia Design and Brand Communications. One of the first jobs he undertook when he was appointed water commissioner was to prepare maps of the system so that he could assess their condition before undertaking their maintenance. Lead pipe stamps bearing the name of the owner were also used to prevent such water theft. "[3] He was also a member of the College of Augurs. Some details can be inferred from chance mentions: He is thought to be of Narbonese origins, and originally of the equestrian class. Frontinus ( 40≈ †103÷104) Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was one of the most distinguished Roman senators of the late 1st century AD. Frontinus ably discharged several important administrative duties for Nerva and Trajan. Then, when the enemy were in a panic from the sudden flood, he had them slain by men whom he had stationed in ambush for this very purpose. [3] He died in 103 or 104, a date based on Pliny the Younger writing to his friends that he was elected to the college of augurs to fill the vacancy Frontinus' death had created. L174, Stratagems. In AD 70, Frontinus participated in the suppression of the Rhineland revolt, and later recorded that he received the surrender of 70,000 Lingones. The aqueducts above ground needed care to ensure that the masonry was kept in good condition, especially those running on arched superstructures. Little of Julius's life is known and all dates are uncertain. He is currently enrolled at Cornerstone Institute studying Theology and majoring in Psychology. He was very concerned by leaks in the system, especially those in the underground conduits, which were difficult to locate and mend, a problem still faced by water engineers today. Those who serve in the infrastructure community are part of a vital profession going back thousands of years. Julius called himself a native of Jerusalem – which some scholars consider his birthplace – and lived at the neighbouring Emmaus. Name Entry: Frontinus, Sextus Iulius. He draws on his own experience as a general in Germania under Domitian, but similarities between the anecdotes he records and versions of other Roman authors like Valerius Maximus and Livy suggest that he drew mainly on literary sources. AG.r 17), később Germaniában nagy sikerrel harcolt. [8] Sextus Julius Frontinus, (born ad 35—died c. 103), Roman soldier, governor of Britain, and author of De aquis urbis Romae (“Concerning the Waters of the City of Rome”), a history and description of the water supply of Rome, including the laws relating to its use and maintenance and other matters of importance in the history of architecture. Omissions? Having height over the enemy is advantageous, as is having rougher ground if infantry is faced with enemy cavalry. It presents a history and description of the water-supply of Rome, including the laws relating to its use and maintenance. His Strategematicon libri iii is a collection of examples of military stratagems from Greek and Roman history; a fourth book, the plan and style of which is different from the rest (more stress is laid on the moral aspects of war, such as discipline), was probably written by him, although not all modern scholars agree. However, he is best known to the post-Classical world as an author of technical treatises, especially De aquaeductu, dealing with the a… An inscription at Hieropolis in Phrygia, as well as a number of coins of Smyrna, attests that he was proconsul of Asia in AD 86.[2]. In a.d. 75. However, Frontinus criticized the practice of mixing supplies from different sources, and one of his first decisions was to separate the waters from each system. (water commissioner of the city of Rome from A.D. 97-103) The following year Frontinus held a second consulship as suffect in February, with Trajan as his colleague, and two years later he was made consul ordinarius with Trajan. 35-ca. Britannica now has a site just for parents! >35-ca. Aristóteles. His theological interests encompass comparative religion and … He subdued the Silures, and held the other native tribes in … Engelsk (7) Latin (5) Tysk (2) Kinesisk (1) Forlag. Probably the first person to describe flow measurement in closed pipes using a method whose descendant is that codified in modern differential-pressure standards was Sextus Julius Frontinus. The Roman magistrate, soldier, and engineer Sextus Julius Frontinus (ca. Frontinus ably discharged several important administrative duties for Nerva and Trajan. The Roman Empire flourished in large measure because it built logistics infrastructure to support civil administration of conquered territories. Gå till mobilversionen av bokus.com. He appears to have … Frontinus describes the quality of water delivered by each, mainly depending on their source, be it river, lake, or spring. This page was last edited on 10 August 2020, at 01:45. Cum ad instruendam rei militaris scientiam unus ex numero studiosorum eius accesserim eique destinato, quantum cura nostra valuit, satisfecisse visus sim, deberi adhuc institutae arbitror operae, ut sollertia ducum facta, quae a Graecis una στρατηγημάτων; appellatione comprehensa sunt, expeditis amplectar commentariis. Frontinus, Sextus Julius Sextus Julius Frontinus, Roman soldier, governor of Britain, and author of De aquis urbis Romae (“Concerning the Waters of the City of Rome”), a history and description of the water supply of Rome, including the laws relating to its use and … He was proconsul of Asia in 86. The De aquis of Sextus Julius Frontinus is usually interpreted as either an administrative guide for the curator aquarum, or as a work of praise. He is best known to the post-Classical world as an author of technical treatises, especially De aquaeductu, dealing with the aqueducts of Rome. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He also appears as a character in The Centurions novels Barbarian Princess and The Emperor's Games. His treatise De re militari (“On Military Matters”) is lost. This involved a…. De aquaeductu (1925), Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Stemmata quid faciunt? The standard edition of the Latin text of Frontinus' major work, with extensive commentary in English, is now R.H. Rodgers, Rodgers has published his English translation online, An English translation by Charles E. Bennet, edited by Mary B. McElwain, has been published in the, A translation by Herschel is useful for his commentary on the engineering aspects of the. 35-c. 103 Roman governor of Britain water commissioner, and author of a book on the history and technical details of Rome's aqueducts. Blackman, Deane R., Hodge, A. Trevor (2001). - 103/104 AD): Frontinus was Rome's water commissioner (curator aquarum) at the end of the 1st Century AD under the emperors Nerva and Trajan.Frontinus' books have made him the most famous of the Roman engineers. He provides the history, sizes and discharge rates of all of the nine aqueducts of Rome at the time at which he was writing at the turn of the 1st century AD: the Aqua Marcia, Aqua Appia, Aqua Alsietina, Aqua Tepula, Anio Vetus, Anio Novus, Aqua Virgo, Aqua Claudia and Aqua Augusta. The Strategemata is a collection of military stratagems from Greek and Roman history, written down and organized by Sextus Julius Frontinus around the year 90. In this capacity, he followed another distinguished Roman statesman, Agrippa, the friend, ally and son-in-law of Augustus, who organised in 34 BC a campaign of public repairs and improvements, including renovation of the aqueduct Aqua Marcia and an extension of its pipes to cover more of the city. He, therefore, made a meticulous survey of the intake and the supply of each line, and then investigated the discrepancies. [129] the consul titus quinctius crispinus, on the advice of the senate, duly put the question to the people, and the people as a body duly voted approval in the forum, before the rostra of the temple of the deified julius, on the 30th day of june. Frontinus ably discharged several important administrative duties for Nerva and Trajan. It was, he said, essential to keep trees at a distance so that their roots would not damage the structures. McDermott, "Stemmata quid faciunt? He has left us his personal account of the water system of Rome: De aquae ductu Urbis Romae. Sextus Julius Frontinus Frontinus, Sextus Julius Frontinus (? Sextus Julius Frontinus, (born ad 35—died c. 103), Roman soldier, governor of Britain, and author of De aquis urbis Romae (“Concerning the Waters of the City of Rome”), a history and description of the water supply of Rome, including the laws relating to its use and maintenance and other matters of importance in the history of architecture. Sextus Julius Frontinus >The Roman magistrate, soldier, and engineer Sextus Julius Frontinus (ca. Kjøp billige bøker, kontorrekvisita, hobbyartikler og leker innen sextus julius frontinus hos Adlibris / Søk. Full text of "The two books on the water supply of the city of Rome of Sextus Julius Frontinus, water commissioner of the city of Rome A.D. 97: a photographic reproduction of the sole original Latin manuscript, and its reprint in Latin; also a translation into English, and … It can be demonstrated, however, that Frontinus had another goal in writing. 104) is known primarily as a technical writer. Sextus Julius Frontinus’s most popular book is The Strategemata. One example he gives of control of river water during a siege reads: Lucius Metellus, when fighting in Hither Spain, diverted the course of a river and directed it from a higher level against the camp of the enemy, which was located on low ground. While governor of Britain, he subjugated the Silures of South Wales and is thought to have likewise campaigned against the Brigantes. Birley notes, "This exceptional honour underlines the high regard in which he [Frontinus] was held, and suggests, further, that Trajan had a debt to repay. His extant work on military matters, the Stratagems (Latin: Strategemata), is a collection of examples of military stratagems from Greek and Roman history, for the use of generals. In 97, he was appointed curator aquarum (supervisor of the aqueducts) by the emperor Nerva, an office only conferred upon persons of very high standing. A novus homo, he was consul three times. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube frontiers. 4, 39), 75–78-ban Britanniában (Tac. Thus, poor-quality water would be sent for irrigation, gardens, or flushing, while only the best would be reserved for drinking water. Arte de caballeria, Julius Frontinus (h. 97-141v) [Manuscrito]. In honor of that legacy, we derive our name from Sextus Julius Frontinus (35-103 AD), the public servant, military general, and innovator who was appointed by the emperor to head Rome’s water commission. Birley believes it "is fair to speculate" that Frontinus was with Domitian during the German campaign of 83. Frontinus seems to have been of patrician descent, and his writings indicate that he had some knowledge of Alexandrian mathematics. Sextus Julius Fronti-nus ... Greeks made seminal contributions in philosophy, science, ... (Frontinus, De aquaeductu … hist. u .70-ben praetor urbanus (Tac. Sextus Julius Frontinus (Gallia Narbonensis, 30 – ?, 103) ókori római író.. Kr. [5] Frontinus had at least one daughter, the wife of Quintus Sosius Senecio (cos. 99, II 107) and mother of Sosia Polla.[6]. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube frontiers. Frontinus seems to have been of patrician descent, and his writings indicate that he had some knowledge of Alexandrian mathematics. Frontinus, Sextus Julius Sources found : Wasserversorgung im antiken Rom, 1982: t.p. Filter Sextus julius frontinus Format. Approximately 22 years later, he was appointed superintendent of the aqueducts in Rome. He quelled the Silures of Wales, and began to build a road through their territory; his place was taken by Agricola in 78. Extracts from a treatise on land surveying ascribed to Frontinus are preserved in B. Campbell (2000). They would insert pipes into the channel of the aqueducts to tap the supply. Just published: Conference Proceedings "DE AQUAEDUCTU URBIS ROMAE - SEXTUS IULIUS FRONTINUS AND THE WATER OF ROME", Rom 2018 28.12.2020 The proceedings of the International Symposium of the Frontinus Society in Rome on 10 - 18 November 2018 contain a total of 33 contributions. Frontinus' books have made him the most famous of the Roman engineers. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Suidas claims Julius was an "Libyan philosopher", while Gelzer considers him of Roman descent. He reviewed the existing law governing the state aqueducts, as well as the need for enforcement of those statutes. Frontinus ably discharged several important administrative duties for Nerva and Trajan. He was born about 35 AD and was Provincial Governor of Britain about 76 AD, where he subdued the Silures (a tribe in Wales) and constructed the Via Julia. One tradition places him under the Emperor Gordianus III (238–244), others mentions him under Severus Alexander (222–235). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was a prominent Roman civil engineer, author, soldier and senator of the late 1st century AD. He was especially concerned by diversion of the supply by unscrupulous farmers and tradesmen, among many others. A quote from his book states the different uses of a Roman aqueduct: “The supply which suffices not only for public and private uses and purposes but also for the satisfaction FRONTINUS, SEXTUS JULIUS (c. A.D. 40–103), Roman soldier and author. writings of Frontinus and Vitruvius. Representing the classical image of Rome is Sextus Julius Frontinus, the water commissioner at the end of the first century A.D. 35–103 CE, was a capable Roman civil officer and military commander. Historia de los animales, Aristoteles (h. 1-93). Frontinus’s De aquis provides complete technical details on the aqueducts of Rome, along with their history and the regulations governing their use. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sextus-Julius-Frontinus, Fact Monster - People - Biography of Sextus Julius Frontinus. The descendants of Frontinus", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, Models of Various Aqueducts of Ancient Rome, Routes of Various Aqueducts of Ancient Rome, Spanish site dedicated to Roman technology, especially aqueducts and mines, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frontinus&oldid=972079832, Articles lacking in-text citations from August 2011, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. 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